As world leaders gather at the COP29 climate summit, a surprising trend is emerging: some of the biggest oil companies are scaling back their renewable energy efforts. Why? The answer is simple—profits. Fossil fuels deliver higher returns than renewables, reshaping priorities across the energy industry.

The global oil market is full of potential but also fraught with challenges. Demand and production are climbing to impressive levels, yet prices remain surprisingly low. What’s driving these mixed signals, and what role does the U.S. play?

Shell overturned a landmark court order demanding it cut emissions by nearly half. Is this a victory for Big Oil or just a delay in the climate accountability movement?

Before it was Expand Energy, the largest natural gas-weighted exploration and production company in the U.S., it was Chesapeake Energy. This company faced and survived nearly every extreme the energy industry could throw, including bankruptcy. With its recent $7.4 billion merger with Southwestern Energy, Expand Energy has achieved a new milestone: it’s the largest natural gas producer in the U.S., powered by substantial reserves and resources across crucial shale regions.

Oil companies across the Gulf of Mexico are springing into action as Tropical Storm Rafael bears down, marking yet another disruption in a storm-laden season. BP, Chevron, Equinor, and Shell are evacuating offshore staff and preparing for potential impacts on their platforms, an all-too-familiar ritual for Gulf operators this year.

The U.S. faces a pressing waste crisis as global waste levels rise and recycling remains largely ineffective. Traditional landfills, responsible for massive methane emissions and water contamination, continue to grow, and the energy-intensive recycling process for plastics remains hotly debated. With artificial intelligence (AI) now revolutionizing landfill management and pushing energy companies like Exxon Mobil to address their role in plastic waste, the question is: can technology bring us closer to a sustainable future?

As the leaves fall and we settle into Halloween’s cozy, pumpkin-spiced vibes, it’s not just the ghostly shadows creeping through the energy sector; major oil companies have reported mixed Q3 earnings, facing various challenges and surprises. While some players faced profit slumps reminiscent of a seasonal scare, others found treats hidden among their strategies and diversified portfolios. Here’s a look at how ExxonMobil, BP, CNOOC, Phillips 66, TotalEnergies, ConocoPhillips, and Shell fared in the last quarter.

The rapid growth of natural gas production in the Permian Basin is pushing existing infrastructure to its limits, and additional pipeline projects are on the horizon to meet rising demand, according to East Daley Analytics. Despite ongoing price volatility—marked by repeated declines—demand for expanded energy markets continues to surge.

Dominion Energy has struck a major deal by selling half of its stake in the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind (CVOW) project to Stonepeak, one of the world’s leading infrastructure investors, for $2.6 billion. While Dominion will retain full control over the project’s development and day-to-day operations, this partnership gives Stonepeak a non-controlling 50% interest.

Landfills are essential to America’s waste management system, yet they face several operational, environmental, and regulatory challenges. With over 2600 active municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills across the country, they occupy an average of more than 600 acres, which is roughly equivalent to 500 football fields. Methane emissions from landfills contribute significantly to global warming, accounting for 15.1% of U.S. methane emissions. As the waste sector is a major contributor to methane emissions, there is a growing emphasis on improved monitoring, reduction technologies, and the integration of renewable natural gas (RNG) solutions to mitigate the impacts of these emissions.

Agrivoltaics, a combination of agriculture and solar power generation on the same land, is quickly gaining traction across the United States as a solution to balancing the demand for renewable energy and the need to preserve farmland. As the country pushes toward its goal of achieving net-zero emissions, solar power is expected to play a significant role in this transition. However, concerns about the loss of agricultural land have led to the rise of agrivoltaics, where farming and solar energy production coexist.

The 2024 Atlantic hurricane season has hit Florida hard, with Hurricanes Helene and Milton exposing the vulnerabilities in the state's energy infrastructure. As Florida grapples with the aftermath of these back-to-back storms, the damage to oil, gas, and energy supplies has created severe disruptions, leaving residents and industries struggling to recover.

California has long been at the forefront of renewable energy in the United States, from its vast solar farms to its growing battery storage capacities. But beneath the headlines of a "clean energy revolution" lies a complex reality—one shaped by ambitious targets, grid challenges, and the everyday experiences of Californians grappling with rising energy costs and increasing grid instability. As California pushes towards its 100% clean energy goal, the road is full of both promise and pitfalls.

Texas is taking bold steps toward a future powered by clean energy. Once known mainly for its oil and gas, the state is now a leader in wind, solar, and battery storage. But as electricity demand grows, so do the challenges of balancing energy needs with infrastructure limits. Here’s a look at how Texas is transforming and what hurdles lie ahead + find out who works with Facebook’s parent company Meta on new technology across the U.S.

Power Plants: 124955 MW Solar: 63726 MW Wind: 2204 MW Biodisel Plants: 1.5 Mmgal/yr capacity Source: Rextag Energy DataLink

The future once seemed optimistic for America’s climate ambitions, with rapid growth in renewable energy propelling the nation toward a cleaner, more sustainable future. However, a sobering reality has begun to sink in: despite some progress, the transition from fossil fuels is slowing down, and global emissions continue to rise.

The Gulf of Mexico’s oil and gas production is bouncing back quickly following the disruption caused by Hurricane Francine. According to a statement from the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) on Monday, nearly all of the region's energy output has been restored, signaling a significant recovery after the storm passed. As of Monday morning, about 12.18% of oil production and 16.02% of natural gas production in the Gulf remained shut down, according to operator reports. This marks a vast improvement from the peak of the storm’s impact when more than half of the region’s natural gas output and over 40% of its oil production were offline.

A significant portion of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico's oil and natural gas production has come to a halt as Tropical Storm Francine barrels toward Louisiana, threatening the region's crucial energy infrastructure. In what is shaping up to be one of the most impactful events for U.S. energy this year, approximately 24% of crude oil production and 26% of natural gas output in the Gulf are now offline, according to the U.S. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE). Francine, with winds reaching 65 mph (100 kph), is currently situated 380 miles (610 km) southwest of Morgan City, Louisiana, and is expected to strengthen into a hurricane by the end of the day. The storm's trajectory is causing widespread disruptions to offshore operations in the Gulf, which plays a vital role in the country’s energy supply.

What happens when two giants merge to form an oil empire? Diamondback Energy has just completed a massive $26 billion merger with Endeavor Energy Resources, following months of review by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The outcome? A powerful new player in the oil industry, poised to transform production in the Permian Basin, one of the richest shale regions in the world. Analysts are calling this merger a game-changer, as Diamondback and Endeavor now control a vast expanse of oil-rich land, referred to as the "last and best oil sandbox" for its potential to maximize production using advanced technology.

The United States government has announced a significant investment of $7.3 billion from the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) to support clean energy initiatives led by rural electric cooperatives. These projects aim to reduce energy costs, enhance reliability, and promote sustainability for rural communities, where energy costs tend to be higher than in urban areas. This investment marks a substantial effort toward decarbonizing rural America while supporting job creation and infrastructure improvements.

The U.S. oil and natural gas rig count experienced a slight decline, falling by four to a total of 633 rigs for the week ending August 21. Despite this modest drop, industry analysts have noted a surprising resilience in both oil supply and natural gas prices as the year progresses, suggesting that the market may be more robust than previously anticipated.

Investors remain strongly bearish on petroleum prices, even as confidence grows that the U.S. Federal Reserve will cut interest rates to boost consumer and business spending. Last week, fund managers returned to selling oil futures and options, as the brief rally from the previous week quickly lost steam and negative sentiment took hold once again. Hedge funds and other money managers offloaded 48 million barrels across the six major futures and options contracts in the week ending August 20. This marks the sixth time in seven weeks that funds have been sellers, reducing their positions by a staggering 346 million barrels since early July, based on data from exchanges and regulators.

Quantum Capital Group has bought Caerus Oil and Gas, a company focused on the Rockies, in a deal worth $1.8 billion. The acquisition includes Caerus' extensive assets in the Piceance Basin in western Colorado and the Uinta Basin in eastern Utah.

Solar energy is quickly becoming one of the most popular and sustainable ways to generate power. As more people and businesses turn to renewable energy, finding the best spots in the United States to build solar farms is crucial. This is where Geographic Information Systems (GIS) comes in. GIS technology helps us analyze the environment, land features, and land use to identify the best places for solar energy projects. By using GIS, we can boost energy production and reduce the environmental impact, all while helping the country meet its renewable energy goals.

TotalEnergies has announced the start of oil production from the Anchor field, located 225 km off the coast of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. The Anchor field began development in December 2019 and is a joint project between TotalEnergies, which holds a 37.14% stake, and Chevron, the operator, which has the remaining 62.86%.

Last year, a Pew Research Center survey revealed that 67% of Americans are in favor of developing alternative energy sources. Similarly, an Eligo Energy survey indicated that 65% of U.S. consumers are prepared to pay a premium for renewable energy. According to Mordor Intelligence, the U.S. renewable energy market is projected to reach 434.5 GW in 2024, with further growth expected at an annual rate of 10.01%, reaching 700.15 GW by 2029.

Last week, Exxon Mobil, Shell, BP, and ConocoPhillips all reported second-quarter earnings that exceeded analysts' expectations, while Chevron’s results fell short, largely due to challenges in its refining business. A significant portion of these multi-billion dollar earnings came from oil and gas production. The companies' executives have indicated that they plan to increase spending on new exploration projects moving forward. While this doesn't suggest that investors are ignoring climate goals at these major oil firms, it does show that they are focusing more on the profits generated from production.

The U.S. natural gas pipeline network is a complex pipeline system that transports natural gas from production areas to consumers nationwide. The pipeline network consists of three main pipeline types: gathering, transmission, and distribution. In 2023, the U.S. had one of the most extensive pipeline networks in the world, with over 2.5 million miles of pipelines transporting oil, natural gas, and other liquids and gases. The pipeline industry continues to invest in new infrastructure to meet growing demand and ensure reliable energy transportation.

Vital Energy is joining forces with Northern Oil and Gas (NOG) to acquire Point Energy Partners’ Delaware Basin assets for $1.1 billion. As part of the agreement, Vital and NOG will purchase Point Energy’s assets in an all-cash deal. Vital Energy will take 80% of the assets, while NOG will acquire 20%. Vortus Investments currently own Point Energy.

The pipeline industry in the USA faced and still faces a range of regulatory challenges, including permitting delays, environmental requirements, and public opposition to pipeline projects. In recent years, pipeline projects like the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines had legal and regulatory obstacles that delayed or canceled their construction. Keystone XL Pipeline, proposed by TransCanada in 2008, aimed to transport crude oil from Canada (around Calgary and Edmonton) to refineries on the Gulf Coast (Port Arthur). The project faced opposition from environmental groups and indigenous communities, who argued that it would contribute to climate change and pose a risk to water resources. In 2015, the project was rejected, citing concerns about its environmental impact. However, in 2017, the project was revived, leading to further legal challenges. In June 2021, it was officially canceled.

The renewable natural gas (RNG) industry in the United States is showing promising signs of growth. As of 2019, the U.S. consumed 261 billion cubic feet (BCF) of RNG, primarily utilized by independent power producers, electric utilities, and various commercial and industrial entities. However, this figure represents only a small fraction of its potential. Research indicates that the U.S. could theoretically produce up to 2,200 BCF of RNG through anaerobic digestion alone, which would equate to about 11% of daily national natural gas consumption.

Recently, the progress toward an energy transition is hitting a snag. Sales of electric vehicles are decelerating, and the growth in wind and solar power needs to be keeping pace with expectations. To make matters more challenging, electricity prices are climbing when they were expected to fall. Amidst these setbacks, the oil and gas sectors are proving resilient. According to BP's latest energy outlook, not only are these energy mainstays here to stay, but their demand is expected to remain relatively high even after reaching a peak. Interestingly, BP forecasts that oil demand will reach its zenith next year, marking a critical moment in energy consumption trends. This isn't the first time BP has projected a peak in oil demand. Back in 2019, their review anticipated a decline in demand growth, but the prediction fell flat. Instead, oil demand surged to unprecedented levels following the end of the global pandemic lockdowns, defying previous forecasts and underscoring the enduring dominance of traditional energy sources in the global market.

Texas energy companies are picking up the pieces after Hurricane Beryl, an early Category 5 hurricane, hit the U.S. Gulf Coast earlier this week. However, it weakened to Category 1 by the time it made landfall in Texas. The hurricane brought heavy rainfall and sparked fears of storm surges, flooding, and tornadoes. As Hurricane Beryl neared, the natural gas supply to Freeport LNG’s export facility in Texas nearly stopped the day before the storm struck. Houston was particularly hard-hit, with the storm knocking out power for two million residents. CenterPoint Energy, a key power provider in the area, felt the brunt of the hurricane but aimed to have power restored to half the affected customers by the following day.

The total number of drilling rigs actively exploring and producing oil and natural gas in the United States increased to 585 for the week ending July 5, up from 581 the previous week. Despite this recent uptick, the current count still falls short of last year's 680, indicating a slowdown in drilling activities. Analysts suggest that this reduction may reflect greater efficiency among shale producers, who now require fewer rigs. Nonetheless, concerns remain about whether some producers have enough viable drilling land

Based in Oklahoma City, Devon Energy is expanding its operations in the Williston Basin with a major $5 billion acquisition of Grayson Mill Energy, a company supported by the Houston-based EnCap Investments LP. This deal includes $3.25 billion in cash and $1.75 billion in Devon stock. Announced before the markets opened on July 8, this strategic move aims to boost Devon's oil production and operational scale significantly

Renewable diesel, a cousin to traditional petroleum diesel, stands out as a standalone fuel and a blendable option. In 2022, it accounted for about 8% of all U.S. biofuel production and 9% of its consumption. For decades, diesel has been the stalwart choice for both shippers and carriers, valued for its reliability. Yet, as sustainability becomes a priority, these industries are now navigating the complex world of alternative fuels. This shift has its challenges; the array of choices comes with varying information about availability, cost, performance, and environmental impact. Amidst these options, renewable diesel is gaining traction.

U.S. oil and gas companies are facing a tough task: unloading $27 billion in assets to pay their investors. This push comes as the largest wave of energy mergers in 25 years is about to clear its final regulatory checks. Chevron, ConocoPhillips, and Occidental Petroleum are aiming to raise between $16 billion and $23 billion from selling off assets after their mergers. Exxon Mobil, another major player, has been raising about $4 billion a year from sales since 2021 but hasn't set a specific target for future divestitures.

U.S. crude oil refining capacity experienced a notable boost this year, climbing 1.5% to reach 18.38 million barrels per day. The recent expansion includes Exxon Mobil's Beaumont, Texas, refinery, which underwent a significant increase of approximately 250,000 barrels per day. As of the start of 2023, there were 124 active oil refineries nationwide. After a two-year downturn due to decreased demand during the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. refining capacity saw a significant rebound. In 2023 alone, capacity surged by over 100,000 barrels per day to reach 18.1 million, although this still trails the peak of 18.98 million barrels per day seen in 2019.

Eagle Ford Shale is a hotspot for international investment. While U.S. companies continue to focus heavily on the Permian Basin, the Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas has become a magnet for international energy firms.

U.S. oil and gas output is leveling off after a period of intense activity. As of March 2024, crude oil production hovered around 13.2 million barrels per day, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. This marked a slight increase of less than half a million barrels per day from the previous year, indicating a slowdown from the rapid growth seen in the latter half of 2023.

The global investment in upstream oil and gas is also set to rise by 7% in 2024 to $570 billion, continuing the growth trend from 2023. National oil companies in the Middle East and Asia primarily drive this increase. This year, the global shift toward clean energy will see investments reaching a monumental $2 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). This amount is double what is being invested in fossil fuels. In its annual World Energy Investment report, the IEA highlights that for the first time, total energy investment will surpass $3 trillion in 2024.

Rextag Exclusive: According to the latest data analysis from Rextag Energy DataLink, a substantial natural gas emission event was identified on April 9, 2024. Using satellite technology provided by Carbon Mapper, the data indicates an emission rate of approximately 37,000 kg per hour, equivalent to 1,8 MMCF per hour. While the complete duration of the event is undetermined, assuming it lasted for only an hour, the leaked natural gas is so massive that it’s worth putting into perspective.

As of the end of 2023, Exxon reported holding $31.54 billion in cash, with Chevron's reserves at $8.18 billion.

Power companies argue that natural gas is essential for meeting energy demands when renewable sources like wind and solar aren't producing enough electricity. Despite the increasing role of renewables, which are setting new records in U.S. power generation and are favored to replace coal, the intermittency of these sources presents challenges that could keep natural gas in the mix through at least 2030. According to the U.S. Energy Information Association, the U.S. has enough natural gas reserves to last approximately 86 years. However, the finite nature of these reserves highlights the need for a continued shift towards more renewable and sustainable energy sources.

As TC Energy expands its gas network to support the growing demand from data centers, driven by AI, Occidental is considering selling assets in the Permian Basin potentially worth over $1 billion. Keep reading. But first, let’s take a look at the Q1 2024 results for big names like Occidental (OXY), Ovintiv, BP, Marathon Oil, ConocoPhillips, and TC Energy.

The purchase of Marathon Oil adds 2,600 new drilling spots to ConocoPhillips' operations, boosting their total to over 13,000 across the U.S. After the deal, ConocoPhillips is set to significantly increase its production in the Eagle Ford region, potentially exceeding its current output in the Delaware basin.

In December 2023, the U.S. set a new record by exporting 8.6 million tonnes of LNG. This spike was primarily fueled by two developments: the full return of Freeport LNG, which contributed an additional 6 million tonnes, and an increased output from Venture Global LNG’s Calcasieu Pass facility, adding 3 million tonnes over the previous year. Europe remained the main destination for U.S. LNG, receiving 61% of the exports in December, but this decreased from 68% in November. Asia also increased its imports significantly, taking in 26.6% of the exports, up from 18.5% in November. Latin America accounted for 6% of the exports.

According to the latest report from the EIA, working natural gas stocks in the United States saw a substantial increase. Stocks rose by 79 billion cubic feet (Bcf), bringing the total to 2,563 Bcf. This marks a significant year-over-year increase of 444 Bcf. Current stockpiles are considerably above the five-year average, having grown by 640 Bcf compared to the average of 1,923 Bcf.

Last year, a Pew Research Center survey revealed that 67% of Americans are in favor of developing alternative energy sources. Similarly, an Eligo Energy survey indicated that 65% of U.S. consumers are prepared to pay a premium for renewable energy. Scott Zimmerman, the project manager at the Global Oil and Gas Extraction Tracker of Global Energy Monitor (GEM), expressed skepticism about the oil and gas industry's rationale for exploring and developing new fields. "The justifications offered by oil and gas producers do not stand up to scrutiny," he commented. "The scientific consensus is clear: we cannot afford to open new oil and gas fields without risking severe environmental consequences." Despite these warnings, last year saw significant advancements in the oil and gas sector, with at least 20 fields worldwide reaching the "final investment decision" stage. This stage marks the commitment to proceed with construction and development, leading to the approval of projects that will collectively produce about 8 billion BOE. By the end of this decade, there is an ambition to approve projects that will quadruple this output, aiming to extract 31.2 billion BOE from 64 fields. Notably, the United States has been at the forefront of sanctioning new oil and gas initiatives over the past two years, according to GEM's analysis.

The U.S. has overtaken Saudi Arabia and Russia to become the world's largest oil and gas producer. In 2024, America's oil output has surpassed last year's record by 1.4%, reaching new heights. Even as oil-producing countries in the Middle East cut back, the U.S. continued to ramp up production after a downturn in 2020, establishing itself as a dominant force in the global market. In terms of numbers, U.S. oil production jumped from an average of 2.93 million barrels per day in 2023 to 13.12 million barrels per day in 2024, marking a significant 7.1% increase.

Kinetik Holdings recently announced a series of transactions in the energy sector. They struck a deal to buy Durango Permian infrastructure for $765 million. At the same time, they're selling their 16% share in the Gulf Coast Express Pipeline to ArcLight Capital Partners for $540 million. The total purchase cost includes $510 million in cash paid immediately and an additional $30 million that will be paid later, depending on whether they decide to expand further.

Recently, the Permian has seen significant acquisitions: Exxon Mobil purchased Pioneer Natural Resources for about $60 billion. Diamondback Energy's $26 billion deal to acquire Endeavor Energy Resources is currently on hold due to requests from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. Occidental’s acquisition of CrownRock for $12 billion in the Midland.

EOG Resources is pushing boundaries in Ohio's Utica oil play and now drilling on the Sable pad, also located in Noble County. This site features the 3.7-mile lateral currently under construction. The company's first multi-well pads in the area Timberwolf and Xavier have each produced over 200,000 barrels of oil since their inception—Timberwolf in August and Xavier in October. A third site, the four-well White Rhino pad in Noble County, is also showing promising early results, according to Keith Trasko, EOG’s Senior Vice President of Exploration and Production, who noted the wells are performing as expected in their initial weeks.

Exxon Mobil recently completed its acquisition of Pioneer Natural Resources, a deal worth about $60 billion. This transaction, which is the biggest in shale oil history, significantly changes the competitive landscape in the Permian Basin, a major oil field. This marks Exxon Mobil's largest deal since its $84.4 billion merger with Mobil Corp. in 1999. With this acquisition, Exxon Mobil's production in the Permian Basin will double to 1.3 million barrels of oil equivalent per day.

OXY has been the leader in Permian Basin production for the past five years. Currently, the Houston-based oil and gas company is deepening its presence in the basin with a $12 billion acquisition of CrownRock, adding over 94,000 acres in the Midland Basin and increasing its oil output by about 170,000 barrels per day. Occidental announced an increase in its proved reserves to 4.0 billion barrels of oil equivalent by the end of December 2023, up from 3.8 billion the previous year. Activities in the Permian largely fueled this rise. Occidental added approximately 303 million barrels through infill development projects as well as new discoveries and the further development of existing fields brought in another 153 million barrels.

TotalEnergies kicked off 2024 with a net income of $5.7 billion in the first quarter, marking a modest 3% increase from the same period last year and a 13% rise from the previous quarter. This growth occurred despite experiencing drops in both the volume and price of gas sales over the year and the quarter. Their adjusted net earnings, which exclude one-time or unusual items, were $5.1 billion. This represents a significant 22% decline compared to last year and a slight 2% drop from the last quarter. The company's earnings before tax, depreciation, and amortization reached $11.5 billion, while their cash flow from operations significantly decreased to $2.2 billion, falling by 58% from last year and a steep 87% from the previous quarter. TotalEnergies also recorded $644 million in impairments.

New Mexico leads the Rockies region in gas production and ranks as the sixth-largest in terms of active gas wells in the U.S. Last year, the state's gas well count slightly increased by 0.2% to 30,699, with new additions in both the northwestern San Juan Basin and the southeastern Permian Basin. Meanwhile, just to the north in Colorado, gas producers grew by a modest 0.1% to 30,322, primarily due to increased drilling activity in the DJ and Piceance basins. Wyoming saw a decline in its active gas wells by 3.7%, down to 17,006, with production mainly in Sublette, Sweetwater, and Converse counties reflecting stable or slightly reduced drilling activity. Utah also experienced a slight decrease of 0.2% in its number of gas wells, totaling 6,463. In Q1 2024, oil and gas industry activity in Oklahoma, Colorado, and northern New Mexico experienced a decline. This marks the fifth consecutive quarter of contraction in drilling and business activities within these regions. According to a survey that included responses from 33 firms operating in the Rockies, this downtrend is expected to continue over the next six months.

The Williston Basin is a big area filled with layers of rock that sits next to the Rocky Mountains in western North Dakota, eastern Montana, and the southern part of Saskatchewan in Canada. This area covers roughly 110,000 square miles. Geologically, it's very similar to the Alberta Basin in Canada. People started drilling for oil in the Williston Basin back in 1936, and by 1954, most of the land where oil could likely be found was already claimed for drilling. The Bakken Formation with parts of Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba has become one of only ten oil fields globally to yield over 1 million barrels per day (bpd) since the late 2000s. It is currently the third-largest U.S. shale oilfield, behind the Permian and Eagle Ford. The boom in the Bakken started around September 2008, coinciding with the U.S. housing market crash. The application of new technologies, such as swell packers enabling multiple-stage fracturing, significantly enhanced oil recovery, making the Bakken Formation a key player in the U.S. In 2022, the Bakken oil field saw big improvements in how much oil and gas it could produce. At the start of the year, 27 drilling rigs were working there, more than double the 11 rigs from the start of 2021. Important upgrades included making the Tioga Gas Plant able to process 150 million cubic feet more gas each day, and making the Dakota Access Pipeline bigger, increasing its oil transport capacity from 570,000 to 750,000 barrels every day.

Continental Resources is expanding its operations in the Midland Basin, including taking over some assets that used to belong to Occidental Petroleum. The company plans to use its expertise in exploration in this area.

Equinor and EQT Corporation have agreed that Equinor will exchange its operated assets in the Marcellus and Utica shale formations in Ohio for a stake in EQT’s non-operated interests in the Northern Marcellus formation.

Appalachian Basin (formerly Marcellus and Utica) covers most of New York, Pennsylvania, Eastern Ohio, West Virginia, and Western Maryland in the north, reaching down to parts of Northwest Georgia and Northeast Alabama in the south. The basin is massive, covering about 185,000 square miles, roughly 1,000 miles long from northeast to southwest, and in some places, it's up to 300 miles wide. In this area, some major companies are making significant investments. EQT stands out as the largest producer in the Appalachian Basin, with other key players including Chesapeake, Range Resources, Antero, Repsol, and Gulfport also actively investing.

Kinder Morgan stands as North America's top independent mover of petroleum products with around 2.4 million barrels daily across the continent. The bulk of this flow happens through its Products Pipelines division, which navigates gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, crude oil, and condensate through a network of about 9,500 miles of pipelines. Alongside, the company maintains roughly 65 liquid terminals that not only store these fuels but also blend in ethanol and biofuels for a green touch.

The Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin, spanning Northern Colorado, Eastern Wyoming, Western Kansas, and parts of Nebraska, stretches from north to south, from north of Cheyenne, Wyoming, down to Colorado Springs. Its primary production field, the Wattenberg gas field, is located in Weld County and Northwestern Adams County in Northeast Colorado. Oil and gas production in the D-J Basin traces back to a discovery in Boulder County, Colorado, in 1901, marking a long history of energy development in the area. The basin is highly productive, primarily due to its stacked plays, similar to those in other regions like the Anadarko Basin (with its SCOOP and STACK plays) and the Permian Basin. This geological feature is a key reason for the high productivity of wells in the DJ Basin.

Continental Resources is actively involved in innovative energy projects to enhance oil production and environmental sustainability. The company has invested $250 million in the world's largest carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) project, a partnership with Summit Carbon Solutions. This project aims to capture CO2 from industrial sources in the Midwest and store it in North Dakota's Williston Basin, where Continental has significant experience and presence​​​​. In the Powder River Basin, Continental has expanded its operations by acquiring 400,000 acres. It is now the second-largest producer in this area, achieving high initial productivity from its Niobrara wells. The company aims to develop a competitive program across its portfolio, drawing on its successes in the Williston Basin​​. In the Williston Basin, known for its Bakken play, Continental is enhancing oil recovery through innovative well completion designs and exploring the potential of refracturing existing wells. These efforts are part of Continental's broader strategy to increase oil extraction efficiency and contribute to environmental sustainability.

The US oil industry made big headlines in 2023 thanks to its surprising record oil production. However, experts believe 2024 won't see the same level of growth, mainly due to one key factor: a surge in mergers and acquisitions (M&A). So far in 2024, the oil and gas exploration sector has seen mergers worth $55 billion. This follows a record-breaking year in 2023 when the industry announced deals totaling $190 billion, the highest ever for this sector.

Southwestern plans to keep its production steady, with a budget of $2.0 to $2.3 billion allocated for capital expenditures in 2024. This budget includes about $200 million for capitalized interest and expenses, which means the spending on drilling, completion, and other costs would be in the range of $1.8 to $2.1 billion to maintain a production level similar to 2023's output of approximately 4.57 Bcfe per day. The company anticipated closing 2023 with a debt of around $4.1 billion. Given the current market prices, Southwestern aims to reduce its debt to about $4 billion by the end of 2024, targeting a production level close to 4.5 Bcfe per day. Furthermore, the company has set a goal to lower its debt to under $3.5 billion. To reach the debt reduction target of approximately $3.5 billion by the end of 2024 or early 2025, Southwestern may need to adjust its capital expenditure budget to around $1.2 billion. This adjustment could lead to a slight decrease in production to about 4.2 to 4.25 Bcfe per day in 2024, representing a 7% to 8% reduction from the production levels in 2023.

In Wyoming during 2023, the oil and gas industry experienced various trends and developments. Wyoming ranked 8th nationally in both crude oil and natural gas production, significantly contributing to the economy through property and severance taxes. The state had a peak of 27,951 producing wells in 2022, including oil and gas wells, with 33 operating gas plants processing nearly 97% of the state's gas production. Notably, 21 of Wyoming's 23 counties produce oil and/or natural gas, with Converse County leading in crude oil production and Sublette County in natural gas production​​. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) predicted that crude oil production across the United States would increase to 12.8 million b/d in 2024. Throughout 2023, oil production in Wyoming showed an upward trend, with more than 95 million barrels expected to be produced, an increase of about 3 million barrels from 2022. This rise in oil production was partly attributed to the completion of 110 newly drilled oil wells in the first half of the year, mainly in the Powder River Basin. However, natural gas production faced a decline due to the aging of wells and a low number of new gas wells being completed. Only 18 new gas wells were finished in the first half of 2023, with a noted interest in drilling applications, suggesting potential future developments.

XCL Resources is seeking approval from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) for its proposed acquisition of Altamont Energy LLC, another Utah-based oil producer. This initiative is backed by XCL's parent entity, EnCap Investments LP, a notable private equity firm. Discussions about purchasing Colorado-based Altamont Energy began in the previous summer, as highlighted in FTC documentation.

Tallgrass Energy has started a new open season for the Pony Express Pipeline, and this is the second time they're doing it in 2024. They're looking for companies that want to move their crude oil from the Williston Basin and are offering special rates as an incentive. This 30-day event kicked off on March 11. To get the full details, companies need to sign a confidentiality agreement with Tallgrass.

Enbridge Inc. has completed a $6.6 billion purchase of The East Ohio Gas Co., an Ohio natural gas company, from Dominion Energy. This acquisition is part of a larger $14 billion merger and acquisition deal previously announced by the two companies. The East Ohio Gas Co. will operate under the new name Enbridge Gas Ohio (EOG) and become part of Enbridge's Gas Distribution and Storage Business Unit, including taking on some debt as mentioned by Dominion.

The Haynesville Shale play, located in northwestern Louisiana and eastern Texas, was recognized in March 2008. Petrohawk Energy Corp. and Chesapeake Energy Corp. had leased acreages in Louisiana, bringing fame to the region. The Haynesville Shale is crucial for meeting the rising demand for LNG exports from the Gulf Coast because of its location. It's expected that Haynesville will contribute about 13 Bcf/d to the overall growth in U.S. gas demand by 2030. However, drilling in Haynesville is more expensive and challenging due to the depth of its wells, especially when compared to areas like the Marcellus Shale.

Crude oil prices are on the verge of a significant rise, as per Helima Croft, a top commodities strategist at RBC Capital Markets. She highlights a looming shift in the oil market's supply-demand dynamics, forecasting a potential slowdown in global crude production. This slowdown might push Brent crude prices to $85 in the latter half of 2024.

In January 2024, the United States saw a mix of ups and downs in the number of active drilling rigs across its major oil shale regions and states. Starting with the shale regions, the Permian Basin led with a slight increase, reaching 310 rigs, which is 3 more than in December. The Eagle Ford in East Texas held steady with 54 rigs, unchanged from the previous month. Meanwhile, both the Haynesville and Anadarko regions saw a decrease by 2 rigs each, landing at 42 rigs. The Niobrara faced a larger drop, losing 4 rigs to settle at 27. On a brighter note, the Williston Basin and the Appalachian region saw increases of 2 and 1 rigs, respectively, resulting in counts of 34 and 41 rigs.

Ovintiv Inc. is a key player in oil, natural gas liquids (NGLs), and natural gas, working across various areas. It has two main parts: Canadian Operations for its work in Canada and USA Operations for its work in the United States, plus efforts to optimize the market.

In January, US natural gas production dropped to 102 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) from December's record of 106 Bcf/d due to bad weather. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) expects it to recover soon, hitting 105 Bcf/d by March. The EIA's outlook for 2024 predicts an average production of about 104 Bcf/d, slightly down from the earlier forecast of 105 Bcf/d. By 2025, production is anticipated to climb over 106 Bcf/d.

Shell PLC revealed it made a profit of US$28 billion for 2023, thanks to strong earnings from trading liquefied natural gas (LNG). The company saw its quarterly adjusted earnings rise to $7.3 billion in the fourth quarter, up from $6.2 billion in the third quarter of 2023. This financial success allowed the company to raise its dividend and continue buying back shares.

This week, Chevron told its investors about a bump in the road with its plan to buy into a big oil project near Guyana. The problem is Exxon Mobil and China's CNOOC say they should get the first chance to make an offer against Chevron's plan to buy Hess's part in the project. This issue could mess up Chevron's plans, making it hard or impossible to finish the deal as they hoped.

The Permian Basin, America's prime oil region, faced significant challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. The industry saw a drastic reduction in rigs and fracking crews and had to close some operations as oil prices plummeted, leading to widespread restructuring. Now, the Permian is making a strong comeback. Over the last three years, exploration and production companies (E&Ps) have increased their drilling activities. They're focusing on spending wisely and maximizing returns to their investors. The Permian's role is crucial. It was projected to contribute over 5.98 million barrels of oil per day in December, making up about 62% of the total oil production in the Lower 48 states, as per the EIA.

This week, the American Petroleum Institute (API) reported that U.S. crude oil stocks increased by 7.168 million barrels, ending February 16. This rise exceeded analysts' expectations of a 4.298 million barrel increase. Last week, the API noted an 8.52 million barrel jump in crude inventories.

An Exxon Mobil-led group is looking into launching Guyana's first offshore natural gas project near its sea border with Suriname, according to an executive from the U.S. oil major.

Last year, Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund spent more than any other country in the world, making up a quarter of the $124 billion total spent by such funds globally. The kingdom has been pouring money into huge projects both inside and outside its borders, including the ambitious $500-billion Neom City and launching a new airline. Due to this massive spending spree, the Public Investment Fund saw its cash and assets decrease from over $105 billion in 2022 to around $37 billion by September, as the Wall Street Journal reported. With oil prices hovering around $80 per barrel, financing these large-scale projects is becoming more difficult.

Occidental Petroleum is looking into selling Western Midstream Partners. OXY focuses on natural gas pipelines in the U.S. and is worth around $20 billion, including its debt. This sale could help the company cut down its large debt of $18.5 billion, which grew due to buying other companies. Recently, Occidental agreed to buy CrownRock for $12 billion, adding more debt to its books. This comes after its huge $54 billion purchase of Anadarko Petroleum four years ago. The news about possibly selling Western Midstream made its shares go up by 5.7% to $30.81, reaching their highest value since July 2019. However, Occidental's shares fell by 1.6% to $59.56, as part of a wider drop among energy companies.

The Canadian oil and gas sector announced 27 M&A deals in the last quarter of 2023, totaling $4.2 billion in value. The biggest deal of the quarter was Pembina Pipeline's $2.3 billion acquisition of several companies including Alliance Pipeline and Aux Sable Canada. Compared to the previous quarter, the total value of M&A deals in Canada grew by 20% from $3.5 billion and jumped 95% compared to the same quarter the previous year. However, the number of deals dropped slightly by 4% from the previous quarter and was 23% less than the year before.

Rystad Energy predicts that the merged company of Diamondback Energy and Endeavor Energy will produce 819,500 barrels of oil per day in the Permian Basin in 2024. Rystad, an energy research and business intelligence company from Norway, expects the ExxonMobil-Pioneer Natural Resources merger to lead the Permian in total net production for the year, with a projection of nearly 1.4 million barrels per day. Notably, about 53% of this production will be oil. Chevron is set to produce slightly more than Diamondback-Endeavor, with Occidental-CrownRock following closely. ConocoPhillips ranks fifth, with a production forecast of just under 800,000 barrels per day. Chevron's production is 47% oil, while Diamondback-Endeavor and ConocoPhillips have 57% oil in their mix, and Occidental-CrownRock is just below 50%.

Northern Oil and Gas (NOG) has successfully completed two acquisitions, investing $162.6 million in properties within the Utica Shale and the northern Delaware Basin. In November 2023, NOG ventured into the Utica Shale by acquiring interests from a private seller, including less than one producing well and slightly over one well in development, spanning several counties in Ohio. These areas, primarily operated by Ascent Resources, focus on extracting oil and gas from the Point Pleasant Formation and the Utica Shale, with the Ohio assets being a significant part of this strategy.

Diamondback Energy is buying Autry Stephens's company, Endeavor Energy Resources, for $26 billion. This deal (learn more) will make Stephens the richest oil driller in the U.S., with a $25.9 billion fortune, jumping him up to 64th place on a list of the world's richest people. He'll be wealthier than other big names in oil, like Harold Hamm with $15.4 billion and Jeff Hildebrand with $17 billion. However, Charles and Julia Koch are still richer, but their money comes from different businesses, not just oil.

The $26 billion purchase of Endeavor Energy Resources by Diamondback Energy, with its stock up 2.6%, is the newest big deal combining oil and gas production in the Permian Basin under a few big companies

Diamondback's buyout of Endeavor happened about four months after ExxonMobil and Chevron made huge deals, with Exxon buying Pioneer Natural Resources for $59 billion and Chevron getting Hess for $53 billion. Even though 2023 was a slow year for company buyouts and mergers, with the total deals at $3.2 trillion (the lowest since 2013 and 47% less than the $6 trillion peak in 2021), the energy sector was still active. Experts think this buzz in energy deals is because these companies made a lot of money in 2022.

Select Water Solutions, a leader in water and chemical services for the energy industry has bought key water assets in the Haynesville Shale and Rockies for $90 million. This deal adds 450,000 barrels per day of capacity with disposal wells and treatment facilities, boosting Select's operations.

Hess Corp. is in the final stages of a major sale to Chevron, with increased drilling and production in the Bakken region noted in the last quarter. Hess announced its fourth-quarter net production in the Bakken reached 194,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day (boe/d), a slight increase from the third quarter's 190,000 boe/d and a significant 23% rise from the 158,000 boe/d seen in the fourth quarter of the previous year. This growth is attributed to more drilling and the impact of the previous year's severe winter weather.

A state-owned petrochemical company from Iran was operating from an office located near Buckingham Palace. Reports suggest that Santander UK and Lloyds Banking Group, two big UK banks, are involved in managing accounts for companies that reportedly helped Iranian organizations avoid US sanctions. These banks are said to have supported companies linked to an Iranian petrochemical company, which has been facing sanctions from Western countries since 2018.

The Permian Basin, a big oil area, is not seeing as many deals as before because lots of companies have already joined together. Now, experts think these companies might start looking for new places to invest in the U.S. One area getting attention is the Bakken play. Chevron Corp. has just made a big step there by buying Hess Corp. for $60 billion. Another company, Grayson Mill Energy, which got some help from a Houston investment firm EnCap Investments LP, might also be up for sale soon, worth about $5 billion.

CrownRock's 94,000+ net acres acquisition complements Occidental's Midland Basin operations, valued at $12.0 billion. This expansion enhances Occidental's Midland Basin-scale and upgrades its Permian Basin portfolio with ready-to-develop, low-cost assets. The deal is set to add around 170 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day in 2024, with high-margin, sustainable production.

Chevron is selling its Canadian shale production operations as part of a wider plan to concentrate its investments on more profitable projects in the United States.

Chesapeake Energy has agreed to purchase its competitor, Southwestern Energy, in a $7.4 billion all-stock deal. The acquisition anticipates a boost in natural gas demand with new U.S. LNG export terminals coming online in 2025.

Houston-based Talos Energy Inc. has made a deal to buy QuarterNorth Energy Inc. for $1.29 billion. QuarterNorth is a company that explores and produces oil in the Gulf of Mexico and owns parts of several big offshore fields. This purchase will add more high-quality deepwater assets to Talos's business, which are expected to bring steady production and new opportunities for growth. The deal should immediately benefit Talos's shareholders and help the company reduce its debt faster.

Sunoco, a gas station company based in Dallas, will buy NuStar Energy, a major operator of liquid storage and pipelines, for $7.3 billion. The acquisition of NuStar Energy by Sunoco not only enlarges Sunoco's fuel distribution business but also moves it into the crude oil middle market, especially in the important Permian Basin area.

In 2023, Oklahoma's natural gas industry continued to be a significant force in the state's economy, contributing a substantial $57 billion. This hefty contribution firmly positions Oklahoma as a major natural gas and crude oil producer, not just locally but also in the U.S. Mid-Continent region, which spans across neighboring states like Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, and New Mexico.

Quantum Capital Group sold Rockcliff Energy II LLC, a Quantum Energy Partners' company, to TG Natural Resources LLC for $2.7 billion on December 29. TG Natural Resources is a part of Tokyo Gas, a Japanese company aiming to triple its overseas profits in North America and other regions.

2023 was quite a year for the oil and gas sector, with some big deals making the news. In the US, giants like ExxonMobil and Chevron grabbed headlines with their plans to acquire companies like Pioneer and Hess. Internationally, ADNOC wasn't left behind, expanding its reach as well. As we ring in the new year, let's recap the biggest oil and gas deals of 2023.